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Feed Quality Checks

You spend a significant portion of your resources on commercial feeds and you deserve quality.  For decades, Baer and Associates has served a consumer protection role of sorts, helping our clients determine the quality of their feeds to make sure they are receiving what they pay for with limited budgets.  We've taken some of the information we've collected on the quality of commercial products and summarized it below (Table 1). 

Feed manufacturers are required to guarantee levels of only very few nutrients.  Some manufactures voluntarily guarantee additional nutrients.  In the table, nutrient concentrations that deviate significantly from the manufacturer's label guarantee are in red.  Nutrient concentrations or ratios that are inappropriate for the species are in green. 

Table 1.  Concentrations of selected nutrients in commercial feeds.a,b,c

Product

Protein

(%)

Fat

(%)

Calcium

(%)

Phosphorus

(%)

Vitamin E

(IU/kg)

Actual

Guar. Min.

Actual

Guar. Min.

Actual

Guar. Min.

Guar. Max.

Actual

Guar. Min.

Actual

Guar. Min.

Avian Products

Gamebird Food

20.0

18

4.3

4.4

1.78

1.1

1.6

1.04

0.91

NRd

 

Meal

16.4

15

6.2

6

3.01

 

 

1.25

 

NR

 

Pellet

14.9

15

4.5

6

3.30

 

 

1.41

 

NR

 

Psittacine Food

15.0

15

8.5

5.5

0.57

 

 

0.41

 

NR

 

Ratite Food

22.1

21.5

3.3

2.5

1.99

 

 

1.16

 

NR

 

Softbill Food A

22.1

20

9.0

7

1.21

 

 

1.55

 

110

 

Softbill Food B

32.0

30

14.0

12

1.33

 

 

1.04

 

NR

 

Carnivore Products

Dog Food (dry)

28.8

25

10.5

12

1.93

 

 

1.18

 

NR

 

Dog Food (dry)

25.1

25

16.1

12

2.06

 

 

1.19

 

181

 

Feline Food (frozen)

17.0

16

7.3

9

0.59

0.43

 

0.37

0.31

NR

 

Herbivore Products

Dairy Feed A

16.9

16

2.9

2.5

0.53

0.5

1

0.80

0.6

NR

 

Dairy Feed B

18.7

18

3.2

2

3.38

3

4

1.49

1.2

NR

 

Dairy Feed C

17.2

16

3.8

2.5

0.99

0.9

1.4

0.72

0.6

NR

 

Equine Feed A

10.6

12

6.4

6

1.07

0.6

1.1

0.83

 

197

165

Equine Feed B

16.2

14.5

3.9

5

0.97

0.65

1.15

0.87

 

96

176

Equine Feed C

12.8

12

6.5

 

0.75

0.6

1.1

0.71

0.6

146

165

Equine Feed D

14.1

14

5.8

6

1.07

0.65

1.15

0.79

0.6

107

165

Grain Mix

9.3

8.9

2.9

3

0.09

 

 

0.32

 

NR

 

Herbivore Pellet

15.3

10

3.8

2

0.85

0.65

0.95

0.79

0.55

NR

 

High Fiber Pellet A

13.9

12.5

3.8

3

1.39

 

 

0.46

 

96

300

High Fiber Pellet B

13.3

12.5

3.9

3

1.48

0.65

0.9

0.51

0.5

NR

 

High Fiber Pellet C

11.8

12.5

3.4

3

1.18

 

 

0.46

 

132

300

High Fiber Pellet D

11.8

12.5

3.3

3

1.08

0.65

0.9

0.48

0.5

125

300

High Fiber Pellet E

16.7

16

3.9

3

0.81

 

 

0.72

 

187

286

High Fiber Pellet F

14.9

16

4.5

3

0.82

 

 

0.59

 

155

286

Low Fiber Pellet A

16.0

17

3.5

3

1.04

 

 

0.70

 

NR

 

Low Fiber Pellet B

15.9

14

4.2

3

1.38

 

 

0.76

 

NR

 

Low Fiber Pellet C

19.4

18

3.6

3

1.75

0.95

1.45

0.99

0.85

NR

 

Low Fiber Pellet D

18.9

18

4.8

3

1.68

0.95

1.45

0.91

0.85

934

 

Low Fiber Pellet E

17.4

17

3.7

3

0.70

 

 

0.73

 

193

286

Low Fiber Pellet F

16.4

17

2.8

3

0.65

 

 

0.71

 

NR

 

Swine Pellet

14.6

13.5

4.4

3.4

1.06

1.1

1.3

1.29

 

305

 

Omnivore Products

Biscuit A

25.0

25

9.3

6

0.59

 

 

0.39

 

NR

 

Biscuit B

25.9

25

10.8

6

2.19

 

 

1.59

 

84

 

Primate Products

Biscuit A

17.3

15

3.6

4

1.60

 

 

0.60

 

290

 

Biscuit B

15.1

15

3.4

5

0.95

 

 

0.55

 

NR

 

High Fiber Biscuit A

17.4

18

2.9

3

1.38

 

 

0.86

 

280

 

High Fiber Biscuit B

23.5

20

3.9

4

1.31

 

 

0.71

 

NR

 

High Fiber Biscuit C

23.6

23

4.9

4

1.50

 

 

0.66

 

NR

 

High Fiber Biscuit D

23.9

20

5.7

6

0.93

 

 

0.59

 

228

 

High Protein Biscuit

20.4

20

4.4

5

0.68

 

 

0.49

 

373

 

Supplements

Elephant Supplement

20.7

24

5.0

4

0.79

 

 

0.95

 

742

881

Vitamin E Supplement

                 

196

100,000

aBlanks indicate that the manufacturer has not provided a label guarantee for the nutrient concentration.

bRed values indicate a deviation from guaranteed concentration.

cGreen values indicate non-guaranteed, but apparently inappropriate nutrient concentration or ratio for intended species.

dNot reported.

When we identify foods that do not meet the guarantee on the manufacturer's product label, we work on behalf of our client with the manufacturers to correct these problems.  In many cases, manufacturers are unaware of the problem.  They act promptly to correct any deficiencies and welcome our feedback to ensure quality of the feeds they provide to you.  Unfortunately, some manufacturers do not take quality control seriously.  If problems persist, we work to identify suitable feed manufacturers who can produce quality products.

How Thoroughly Do We Test Before Making Judgments on Quality?

When we check the quality of feeds, we do not rely on only one laboratory analysis.  When a value deviates from a manufacturer's guarantee, we double and sometimes triple check with several laboratories to validate the numbers.  The need for dependable analytical methods has resulted in scientists, and professionals in industry and government developing, validating, and adopting standard assays for feed and food analyses, which allows us to make direct comparisons.  In addition, to ensure that our results are accepted as true and meaningful, and that the analytical methods are trusted, we consider accuracy, sensitivity and precision of the methods used in our analyses. 

It is also important that the number of samples we test provides data that are both representative and statistically significant.  Testing too few samples may not allow for natural variation between lots or products and too many samples may unnecessarily raise costs for your organization.

Although collecting and checking the quality of samples may seem relatively benign, a prime concern is that no bias be introduced in the selection and testing of samples.  For this reason it is often recommended by federal and state government officials that an independent party, like Baer and Associates, be responsible for feed and food sample collection and analysis.  You deserve the best and we help make sure you receive it!

 

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Copyright © 2004 Baer and Associates, LLC
Last modified: 12/23/2007